Dual-use technology controls are reshaping global trade by restricting items with both civilian and military uses. From quantum chips to AI systems, compliance is costly and fragmented-forcing companies to adapt or lose access to key markets.
Export controls on semiconductors, AI model weights, and quantum tech are fragmenting global markets, forcing companies to navigate complex licensing rules, compliance risks, and supply chain disruptions that redefine innovation and competition.
Russia's economy defied sanctions by building shadow fleets, exploiting global loopholes, and shifting trade to China and India. The West's fragmented enforcement created gaps Russia easily filled.